A paper by Qiu et al, from November 2012 raised “concerns with regard to the indiscriminate use of Tween® 80 in clinical applications” as it is an “extensively used surfactant in parenteral drug formulation”. Tween 80 is otherwise known as PolySorbate 80 and is a common surfactant ingredient used in vaccines.

The paper stated that “Tween® 80 induced the release of histamine, and a 2-fold increase in SC5b-9, 2.5-fold increase in C4d, 1.3-fold increase in Bb, while IgE remained unchanged. It also produced changes in pulmonary pressure, systemic pressure and ECG.”

This may explain the anaphylaxis adverse events seen following the COVID-19 jabs. [1, 2]