COVID-19 Pandemic
2020

Timeline of significant global, Australian and SA data points in the initial response and first year of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

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2020
April 23

BioNTech begin Phase I/II human trails

On 23 April 2020 the first 12 study subjects are vaccinated with the BioNTech mRNA vaccine candidate after Germany regulator approves Phase I/II clinical trial. [1]
April 23

Oxford Uni begin Phase I vaccine clinical trial

The first two volunteers, one control (meningitis vaccine) and the other the vaccine treatment, were injected on April 23, 2020 for the Oxford University Phase I human vaccine clinical trials. [1]

The Oxford researchers started screening healthy volunteers (aged 18-55) in March 2020 for their upcoming ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine trial in the Thames Valley Region.

Seven days later on April 30, 2020 Oxford University announces partnership with AstraZeneca to help develop and distribute their COVID-19 vaccine.

April 23

Asymptomatic transmission mode of infection is pushed

As the testing statistics begin to “show” that more people have recovered from COVID-19 infection, and the case fatality rate (CFR), which is inline with a bad flu season, the authorities keep pushing testing [PCR at 40-45 cycles] and now assume that asymptomatic spread is a mode of infection [@25min].

Yet previous information from the CDC and the China Report suggests that non-symptomatic people are “not thought to be the main way the virus spreads.”

April 24

Global health organisations collaborate to accelerated access to COVID-19 tools

On April 24, 2020 at a virtual event co-hosted by the World Health Organization (Tedros), the President of France (Emmanuel Macron), the President of the European Commission (Ursula Von Der Leyen), and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, leaders of global health organisations (including Big Pharma) came together to “ensure” that “everyone everywhere” can have access to “new vaccines, tests and treatments for COVID-19”.  Especially the brand new technology COVID-19 vaccines, pushing them through an unprecedented, accelerated development and production process.  [1, 2, 3]

They called on the global community and political leaders to support their “landmark collaboration” asking for financial support to accelerate their objectives and capitalize on the “opportunity”, by attending a May 4, 2020 virtual pledging initiative.

This meeting launched the WHO Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT Accelerator) which “brings together the combined power of several organizations to work with speed and scale”.  The “tools” comprise vaccines, tests and treatments.

  • By August 2020, COVAX will became the vaccine arm of the ACT Accelerator initiative [4, 5]
April 24

FDA warns HCQ could cause severe heart problems in COVID-19 patients

In a press release on April 24, 2020, the FDA “warned providers not to use the anti-malaria drugs chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine to treat COVID-19 patients outside of a clinical trial or hospital setting because the drugs could cause patients to experience “serious heart rhythm problems.” [1]

On March 28, 2020, the FDA has granted Emergency Use Authorisation (EUA) for the use of “hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine products donated to the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) to be distributed and used in limited circumstances, such as for certain hospitalized patients with COVID-19.”  Thus with this wording on the EUA for an already approved drug, doctors felt they could not prescribe it for out-patients.

On Sunday April 5, 2020, “Vice President Pence announced that a 3,000-person study on the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine as a COVID-19 treatment would take place at Henry Ford Hospital.”  Which turned out to have a mortality benefit.

By June 15, 2020 the FDA REVOKED the EUA for HCQ on the back of the fraudulent Lancet study (published May 22, 2020) alleging heart problems, but RETRACTED on June 4, 2020.

All official studies were done in hospitalised patients, including the WHO Solidatiry trials with excessive dosages, where as success on the ground was in early treatment of COVID-19 in an out-patient setting.

April 24

WHO warns antibodies does not necessarily equal immunity from reinfection

On April 24, 2020 the World Health Organisation released a Scientific Brief that warned “[t]here is currently no evidence that people who have recovered from COVID-19 and have antibodies are protected from a second infection.”  This comes just as antibody testing kicks off in the US and as some “governments have suggested that the detection of antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2…could serve as the basis for an “immunity passport” or “risk-free certificate” that would enable individuals to travel or to return to work assuming that they are protected against re-infection.”[1, 2, 3]

A few days before it was reprted that “Michael Ryan, executive director of the World Health Organization’s Emergencies Program was asked how long a recovered COVID-19 patient would have immunity, he said, “We do not have the answers to that — it’s an unknown,” and added, “We would expect that to be a reasonable period of protection, but it is very difficult to say with a new virus — we can only extrapolate from other coronaviruses, and even that data is quite limited.””

April 24

ACT-Accelerator initiative launched

On April 24, 2020 the WHO launched the Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT-A), which is a coalition initiated by CEPI and is structured to accelerate development, production and equitable access to COVID-19 diagnostics, treatments and vaccines. [6]

ACT-Accelerator has four pillars of action, COVAX is the vaccines pillar of the ACT Accelerator, the other three are diagnostics, therapeutics and health systems. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

On September 10, 2020, the ACT-Accelerator Facilitation Council was formally launched. [6, 7]

April 25

SARS-CoV-2 more widespread than estimated

By April 25, 2020 many studies [1] and data observations revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infections amongst the US population was much higher than estimated. Many people tested PCR positive but had no symptoms.

The late 2019 “flu season” in the US was high in incidence and many tests came back negative for influenza. Is it possible SARS-CoV-2 was already circulating in the US population in late 2019, and the positive PCR’s were the result of high test amplifications greater than 35 cycles which were just picking up “dead nucleotides“, possibly left from a recent past infection?

April 26

Sweden who didn’t lockdown, data shows 98-99% cases are very mild infection

On April 26, 2020 former Swedish State Epidemiologist Professor Johan Giesecke spoke with Sky News Australia and warned, like also Dr Kulldorff, that a major lockdown would simply destroy the economy and leave the population without herd immunity and permanently vulnerable to future COVID-19 outbreaks. [1, 2]

Data out of Sweden, which didn’t lockdown but put in place measures to protect the vulnerable – the elderly and frail, said:

Most people will become infected by this and most people won’t even notice. We have data now from Sweden that shows that between 98 and 99% of the cases have had a very mild infection or didn’t even realise they were infected.…The real outbreak is happening where we don’t see it.”

When counties like Australia and New Zealand open up from lockdown you will have more cases.  Dr Giesecke says real infection fatality rate is unknown but it is around 0.1% – like maybe a “severe influenza” he says.

The Swedish model has two pillars he said, we only use measures that are evidence based (i.e. washing hands) and social distancing, and the third measure maybe “trust people”.

April 27

PCR test with Ct >34 shows no viable virus

On April 27, 2020 a paper published by French Doctor Didier Raoult et al, showed that a PCR test resulting from amplifying 34 cycles or more does not have viable virus, meaning the person is not infectious and the test is a false positive.

The paper determined:

  • SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity in patient samples was assessed by real-time reverse transcription-PCR [RT-PCR] targeting the E gene.
  • We observed a significant relationship between Ct value and culture positivity rate
  • No culture was obtained from samples with Ct > 34
  • Our results show that in our system of RT-PCR, we can assess that patients with Ct equal or above 34 may be discharged.

Patients were only told it they were positive or negative, the lab did not report the Ct value.  PCR tests had a cycle threshold of 40-45, meaning they did not cut off the cycling until that point, which resulted in many “false positves” COVID-19 “cases”. [1]

April 29

Australia partners with BGI for 10 million COVID-19 PCR tests

The Australian government announced April 29, 2020, that it had accepted 10 million COVID-19 PCR tests kits manufactured by the Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI), purchased in a $200 million deal brokered by Andrew Forrest, the mining billionaire, and his philanthropic arm, the Minderoo Foundation.

Other countries rejected BGI products amid genome security concerns!  In 2011, BGI processed 20% of the world’s genomic capacity [1]

April 30

Spike (S) protein has 14 mutations identified – consequential for vaccines

On April 30, 2020 a pre-print paper by Korber et al, (now peer reviewed) had identified 14 mutations in the Spike (S) protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. [1, 2]

This is highly consequential as the Spike protein “mediates infection of human cells and is the target of most vaccine strategies and antibody-based therapeutics.” Mutations in this region of the virus “may confer selective advantages in transmission or resistance to interventions”

It was noted that this mutation of “Spike D614G is of urgent concern” They first identified G614 mutation in Italy sample on February 20, 2020 where it “began spreading in Europe” and found “when introduced to new regions it rapidly becomes the dominant form” indicating highly transmissible.

Noteworthy also is they found “evidence of recombination between locally circulating strains” in the S943P mutation, meaning an infected person is infected with multiple virus strains, not just one, and the stains can re-combine their genetic material to form new “recombinant” virus strains.

April 30

Bill Gates promotes a new technology, vaccine-only solution – 7 billion doses

On April 30, 2020 Bill Gates who has no scientific qualification, in a blog post, advised the world that a new technology mRNA or DNA vaccine for the entire world was the only solution to get us back to prepandemic normal.  [1, 2, 3]

“Our foundation is the biggest funder of vaccines in the world, and this effort dwarfs anything we’ve ever worked on before. It’s going to require a global cooperative effort like the world has never seen.”  It could be done in “as little as 9 months”.

Safety is exactly what it sounds like: is the vaccine safe to give to people? Some minor side effects (like a mild fever or injection site pain) can be acceptable, but you don’t want to inoculate people with something that makes them sick.”

Efficacy measures how well the vaccine protects you from getting sick. Although you’d ideally want a vaccine to have 100 percent efficacy, many don’t. For example, this year’s flu vaccine is around 45 percent effective.”  [Well that failed, the vaccinated turned out more likely to get sick, any “protective” effects were short lived]

“… we might end up with [a vaccine] that only stops you from getting sick for a couple months (like the seasonal flu vaccine, which protects you for about six months).”

 

May 1
May 1

Flu vaccine mandatory to enter aged care facilities in Australia

By May 1, 2020, it became mandatory for all aged care workers and visitors (>6mths) to enter an aged care facility in Australia to have received a flu vaccine, this prompted many workers to quit, and families became unable to visit their loved-ones. [1, 2]

The department of health stated that “COVID-19 is a health risk for older people”, and the new restrictions are to protect them.

This is just in time to introduce the new flu vaccines grown in canine kidney cells [called cell culture technology] instead of the chicken embryos, which is more time consuming.  Interestingly, canines are known to harbor coronaviruses [3, 4]

In the UK just months before the “new Flucelvax Tetra jab, from Maidenhead-based company Seqirus” was introduced it “dispenses with the need for eggs. Instead, the virus is grown in huge vats of [modified dog kidney] cells in a plant in North Carolina, in the U.S.”  Fluad Quad by Seqirus was approved by TGA on September 24, 2019. [product insert from FDA]

Fluad Quad and Fluad Tetra are same product, and in Australia the only market approved for this new product was those over 65 years – the age of those in nursing homes!

The flu vaccine itself results in 0.6% deaths according to manufacturer product inserts [@47.50].

May 1

SA: Mandatory flu vax to enter aged-care facilities

An national request, made legal in SA by a state of emergency direction required that all aged care workers and visitors to such facility, are to be vaccinated against seasonal influenza in order to enter an aged care facility as of May 1st 2020.

“Receiving a vaccination from April provides optimal protection in the peak period of influenza circulation, usually from June to September in most parts of Australia.” states Health Minister Greg Hunt.

The theory being contracting influenza may make people vulnerable should they also contract COVID-19.

Studies have shown that tri-valent influenza vaccines can increase the risk of contracting a coronavirus – a phenomenon known as virus interference.

May 1

Moderna & Lonza announce worldwide collaboration to manufacture COVID-19 vaccine

Moderna who have never produced a product before, announced on May 1, 2020 that it had signed a 10-year strategic worldwide manufacturing collaboration with Lonza, with US manufacturing to start in July 2020. They plan to co-produce 1 billion doses annually, assuming a 50µg dose administered twice, 28 days apart. [1]

“Under the terms of the agreement, the companies plan to establish manufacturing suites at Lonza’s facilities in the United States and Switzerland for the manufacture of mRNA-1273 at both sites.”

May 3

A Goat and Pawpaw test positive for COVID-19

On May 3, 2020 President John Magufuli of Tanzania said in order to evaluate the quality of imported PCR test kits, the Tanzanian security forces randomly obtained non-human samples, including from a pawpaw, a goat and a sheep and assigned human names. The labs reported the pawpaw and goat as testing positive for COVID-19.  The faulty kits meant some people were testing positive for COVID-19 without actually being infected.  [1, 2]

In late January 2021 President Magufuli rejected the  COVID-19 vaccines, then by mid March dies of “heart condition” thought to be “mysterious”. [3]

May 3

US taskforce underestimated the number of asymptomatic cases

On May 3, 2020, Dr. Debora Birx, a member of the US Coronavirus Taskforce, admitted they “underestimated very early on the number of asymptomatic cases…I think we’re really beginning to understand there are people that get infected that those symptoms are so low-grade that they don’t even know that they’re infected.” (Could asymptomatic be because in Oct-Nov-Dec 2019, the previous flu season they already were exposed to the coronavirus pathogen and had developed antibodies?  [2, 3] )

She also acknowledged that “many of those dying from coronavirus have other diseases, such as heart disease or problems with their immune systems,” something that was known for months.  “Dr. Birx also reiterated her view that the most important way to get rid of the virus is with a vaccine.”

By this stage there had been atleast five studies that found the coronavirus has a fatality rate of less than 1%, similar to a bad flu season and has never warranted lockdown of a healthy population.

By May 22, 2022 the CDC‘s “current best estimate” is that 35% of infections are asymptomatic and the Symptomatic Case Fatality Ratio, is 0.004%. [1]

May 4

EU hosts Coronavirus Global Response pledging summit for vaccines

On 4 May 2020 a fund-raising teleconference conference event, organized by the European Union, brought in monetary pledges from countries around the world (except the US) raising 7.4 billion euros ($8 billion) for the Coronavirus Global Response which went to CEPI, Gavi, The Global Fund, and Unitaid for coronavirus vaccine research, distribution and the newly formed ACT-Accelerator. [2, 3, 4]

The pledging summit was hosted by EU President Ursula Van de Leyen who said “none of this would have been possible” without her friend Victor Dzau of the GPMB (the organisation who wrote the report that “started” Event 201).  She also  warned that it is just the start of an effort that must be sustained over time to beat the disease. [1]

For more than three hours, one by one, global leaders said a few words over video link all stated in some form the need for “diagnostics, therapeutics and universal access to a safe and effective vaccines.” [@2:20]

The commission then announced its joining with international advocacy organisation Global Citizen to launch the ‘Global Goal: Unite For Our Future’ a global pledging summit and concert for Saturday 27 June, it was hosted by President von der Leyen and raised €15.9 billion. [1]  Country leaders appeared to be reading from the same script.

Australian Prime Minister pledged $352 million.

Notably on May 29, 2020 President Trump withdrew US funding from the WHO, at the same time the pledging summit and concert was announced and Trump was absent from this event.

May 5

FOIA proves SARS-CoV-2 virus has not been isolated

The Victorian Government was asked under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) to provide “a document that shows there is a test that 100% positively identifies the causal agent, SARS-CoV-2, and not other coronaviruses”.  The government response was “no relevant documents have been located”.

A FOIA request in Canada asking for evidence that SARS-CoV-2 has been isolated, returned “no records responsive to your request were identified.”  These null responses, and at least 165 from other global health organisations show that Koch’s Postulates seems to be no longer a requirement by the scientific community to prove that a pathogen (in it’s physical isolation) is the causal agent for a disease.  Today a PCR test of a small fragment of virus genome, when amplified sufficiently, is all that is require to establish “infection” and a thus be a canditate for
“transmission”.

If the pathogen cannot be isolated, then Koch’s postulates cannot be fulfilled.

Is it possible symptoms attributed by COVID-19 disease, could actually be due to other factors such as non-ionising radiation sickness for example.  “Conspiracy Theories” will prevail until the Koch’s Postulate’s shaming has been addressed.

May 9

The Lancet One Health Commission Framework is launched

On May 9, 2020 the article titled “Reconnecting for our future: The Lancet One Health Commission” was published by Amuasi et al in The Lancet to officially announce the commissions framworkd.  The commission was formed a year earlier. At the core of the Commission‘s work is the “recognition of several possible approaches to examining the animal–environment–human interface” which they “distill into three distinct but interrelated dimensions” [1, 3, 4]

EcoHealth Alliance‘s (EHA) Peter Daszak, funder of Wuhan Institute of Virology’s coronavirus research is on The Lancet One Health Commission! EHA is stated to be “A leader in the One Health movement which began in 2004” [2]

  •  “One Health, One World™” movement traces back to 2004 before the rebranding of EcoHealth Alliance in 2010
  • The commission members released in 2021 – One Health as a Pillar for a Transformative Pandemic TreatyPolicy Brief , by Arne Ruckert et al [5], which seems to have began with a Canadian Public Health paper by Ruckert!

The “One Health framework by Amuasi et al (shown in Figure 1) to inform the work of the Lancet Commission on One Health, depicts the systems at this interface in a more connected way. It describes three dimensions of One Health, including the shared environment, food and food systems and interventions and medicines, each of which play a role in either the emergence of or response to zoonotic disease outbreaks.” [6]

May 13

Oxford monkey study fails to stop viral infection or transmission – but proceed to human trials

On May 13, 2020 Oxford and NIAID scientists published the pre-clinical animal study looking at vaccinated versus un-vaccinated rhesus macaques (monkeys).  They “observed a significantly reduced viral load in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and respiratory tract tissue of vaccinated animals challenged with SARS-CoV-2 compared with control animals, and no pneumonia was observed in vaccinated rhesus macaques.” [1]

But the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine in this animal challenge study, “did not provide sterilizing immunity” which is considered the “gold standard for any vaccine.”  Vaccinated monkeys could still become infected and had viable virus in their nose which could be transmitted and infect others!

Even though “no evidence of immune-enhanced disease following viral challenge in vaccinated animals was observed”, experience with other vaccines tells us that is not a firm guarantee that such will be the case for humans, states William Haseltine

Based on the observation that their vaccine could “moderate the disease” they proceeded into human clinical trials.

May 14

People’s Vaccine Alliance is launched calling for a “People’s Vaccine”

On May 14, 2020, what will become known as the People’s Vaccine Alliance (PVA) is started by a press release about open letter signed by more than 140 influences and activists “calling on all governments to unite behind a people’s vaccine against COVID-19”  The “movement” is coordinated by Oxfam and USAIDS.

Humanity today, in all its fragility, is searching for an effective and safe vaccine against COVID-19. It is our best hope of putting a stop to this painful global pandemic….
Only a people’s vaccine — with equality and solidarity at its core — can protect all of humanity and get our societies safely running again. A bold international agreement cannot wait. …In doing so, no one can be left behind –
The Letter states

On June 4, 2020 at the Global Vaccine Summit, the United Nations Director General repeated the mantra:

A COVID-19 vaccine must be seen as a global public good, a People’s Vaccine

By September 17, 2020 Oxfam “warns” that a small group of rich nations, representing just 13 percent of the world’s population, have bought up 51%, more than half of the promised doses of leading COVID-19 vaccine candidates, as the health and finance ministers of G20 countries meet the same day to discuss the global pandemic. [3]

Then on September 29, 2020 Oxfam promotes that 242 COVID-19 survivors “from 37 countries are among almost 1,000 people who have signed an open letter to pharmaceutical industry leaders calling for a ‘People’s vaccine’ and treatments that are available to all.” [3]

People’s Vaccine Alliance is a coalition of organisations and activists united under a common aim of campaigning for a ‘people’s vaccine’ for COVID-19 that is based on shared knowledge and is freely available to everyone everywhere. A global common good. It is coordinated by Oxfam and UNAIDS ” [2]  October 22, 2020 was the first archive of the PVA website.

May 15

“Operation Warp Speed” announced

On May 15, 2020, following March 2, 2020 discussions with pharmaceutical executives, President Trump announced a U.S. public-private partnership, the Operation Warp Speed Vaccine Initiative (OWSVI), to accelerate the development, manufacture, and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics collectively known as countermeasures.  With the aim of delivering 300 million doses of a safe, effective vaccine for the entire population of the United States with an effective vaccine “before the end of the year.” [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

“President Trump’s vision for a vaccine by January 2021 will be one of the greatest scientific and humanitarian accomplishments in history, and this is the team that can get it done,” said HHS Secretary Alex Azar.

OWS is headed by ex GSK’s & ex Moderna’s director Dr Moncef Slaoui, [7] with projects led by:

  • Vaccines: Peter Marks, M.D., Ph.D., Director of the FDA’s Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research.
  • Therapeutics: Janet Woodcock, M.D., Director of the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.
  • Diagnostics: Bruce Tromberg, Ph.D., Director of the NIH’s National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering.

At this point Dr Anthony Fauci is not confident a vaccine will be effective.  A warp speed vaccine could be deadly.

Eleven days earlier the EU hosted a global pledging event where the US abstained.

The statistics are that only 1 in 15 vaccines that enter phase II trials is ever licensed, and the average development time for vaccines is usually measured in decades. [2]  On June 5, 2020, OWSVI had chosen 5 vaccine candidates: Moderna, Oxford/AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson, Merck and Pfizer, the first three having already received $2.2 billion in federal funding.

Pfizer chose not to participate in the OWS government ran, DOD program (though they did have a contract), as a consequence, in 2024 they left themselves open to being sued by US States – EXCERPT

May 18

Australia’s curve flattened

CMO Professor Paul Kelly made the statement:
“So, in terms of that flattened curve, it certainly is very flat at the moment”.

But lets keep doing what we’re doing.

  • also “over 10 million telehealth consultations have occurred now in Australia.” for 5.6 million patients. “So, a big change to the landscape…”
  • “COVID-19 is not the only health problem we have in Australia…”
  • comments on “social distancing measures and the 10-person rule”
  • “…this is now the time to download the [COVID] app so that that can continue to assist our contact tracing efforts by our disease detectives.”
  • “…at the national level, we’ve …never suggested that internal borders in Australia should be closed.  That’s been a decision by various states…”
  • “We’re lucky here in Australia that we do have a vaccine-making capability…”
  • In terms of conscientious objection, I’m not in favour of compulsory vaccination…”
  • “I’ve been very clear about my opposition to wearing masks in public if you’re not in a high-risk setting…I don’t necessarily support it.”
May 18

73rd World Health Assembly – IA2030 endorsed

On May 18-19, 2020 the 73rd World Health Assembly was held where  WHO Member States adopted global public health policies such as to “Strengthening global immunization efforts to leave no one behind” and  a “Global strategy and plan of action on public health, innovation and intellectual property”. [1]

The Immunisation Agenda 2030 (IA2030) was endorsed.  This “strategic proposal envisions a world where everyone, everywhere, at every age, fully benefits from vaccines to improve health and well-being.”

Member States also “requested the Secretariat to continue its support for WHO’s Global Influenza Strategy 2019–2030” which was launched March 19, 2019.

IA2030 is  planned to roll out through 2021.

May 22

CDC: Infection Fatality Rate is 0.26%

On May 22, 2020 the CDC released pandemic planning data which reveals that they estimate the fatality rate for COVID-19 at 0.26%.

Here’s how it works.  The CDC data estimates that 35% of coronavirus infections are asymptomatic, and their new “best estimate” for the case fatality rate amongst symptomatic patients is 0.4%, quite a bit different to the WHO’s 3.4% fatality rate estimated on March 4, 2020. [2, 3]

A PJ Media article does the maths: “According to the CDC’s own current best estimate data the case fatality rate (CFR) of the coronavirus is 0.4%. And that’s just amongst symptomatic cases, which, the CDC estimates, is 65% of all cases. This means the CDC estimates the Infection Fatality Rate (IFR), that being the fatality rate for all infections across all age groups, symptomatic as well as asymptomatic, is approximately 0.26%.”

This is the “biggest reason to end the coronavirus lockdowns” and go back to normal.

Swiss Policy Research shows the the global IFR statistics ranges from 0.20% to 0.68%, but in all ages under 70 years of age the fatality estimate is 0.04%.  and compared to the Delta variant, the Omicron variant has a 90% lower death rate.”  Also by Sep 2022 the data shows Australia’s median age of death is 86 yrs and US is 78 years.

May 22

Uni Oxford begin Phase II/III vaccine clinical trial

University of Oxford researchers have begun recruiting for the next phase in human trials of a COVID-19 vaccine 10,260 adults and children at partner institutions across the country.

Adult participants in both the Phase II and Phase III groups will be randomised to receive one or two doses of either the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine or a licensed vaccine (MenACWY) that will be used as a ‘control’ for comparison.

May 22

PCR positive with Ct >24 do not have viable virus

In a study published May 22, 2020 by Bullard et al , in Clinical Infectious Diseases, it was found that out of 90 PCR positive samples, there was no viable viral growth in samples with a Cycle Threshold (Ct) > 24. [1]

All tests over Ct of 24 should have been disregarded according to this evidence. The tests can’t tell the difference between active and inactive RNA matter. All laboratories should report the number of cycles they used to return all positive results, to gauge it’s accuracy.

A few weeks after the Bullard study, on June 8, 2020, the Australian government first released their “Public Health Laboratory Network Guidance on Nucleic Acid Test Result Interpretation for SARS-CoV-2”.

By July 13, 2020 they sent out an update “to clarify the terms ‘false positives’ and ‘inconclusive results‘”, where they are fully aware that off-target (non-specific) material could potentially be amplified, and this type of false positive occurs with high Ct.  Though “usually 35-45 cycles are undertaken”, which anything over 40 (according to this guidance) is high!

It states “To comply with TGA requirements, the laboratory must report the results according to the commercial manufacturer’s recommendations.” This means every person who had a PCR test, the lab should have recorded the Ct value,

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