The Marine Hospital Service which was founded in July 16, 1798 upon the signing of the "Act for the Relief of Sick and Disabled Seamen". The "National Quarantine Act of 1878 conferred quarantine authority on the Marine Hospital Service", slowly taking over authority from States. In 1902 it was renamed the Public Health and Marine Hospital Service because of its broadening responsibilities such as managing immigration. [2, 3, 4] In 1878 the PHS began publishing weekly Public Health Reports. "The uniformed services component of the Marine Hospital Service was formalized as the Commissioned Corps by legislation enacted in 1889. At first open only to physicians, over the course of the twentieth century, the Corps expanded to include dentists, sanitary engineers, pharmacists, nurses, sanitarians, scientists, and other health professionals." The Commissioned Corps of the US Public Health Service, led by the Surgeon General, all wear uniforms, bearing military ranking. They are considered one of the nation’s seven uniform services. [10] On August 14, 1912 [7] the legislative powers of the service were broadened, now "authorizing investigations into human diseases (such as tuberculosis, hookworm, malaria, and leprosy), sanitation, water supplies, and sewage disposal" and was renamed the Public Health Service (PHS). All types..
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