On June 7, 2024 co-plaintifs the Health Freedom Defense Fund (HFDF), California Educators for Medical Freedom, plus individuals won their appeal in the Ninth Circuit court aganst Los Angeles Unified School District’s (LAUSD) policy for mandatory COVID-19 vaccination of employees – on the grounds they have no community benefit. [1]

The case held up that the 1905 Supreme Court Jacobson v. Massachusetts decision for mandating vaccination (at the time was only smallpox) because the intervention was deemed to prevent the spread of the disease in the community. The court recognized that mitigating personal symptoms deemed the product a medical treatment and not a traditional vaccine that (allegedly) prevents the spread of the pathogen.